@article {101, title = {High Conservation in Transcriptomic and Proteomic Response of White Sturgeon to Equipotent Concentrations of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, PCB 77, and Benzo[a]pyrene.}, journal = {Environ Sci Technol}, volume = {50}, year = {2016}, month = {2016 05 03}, pages = {4826-35}, abstract = {

Adverse effects associated with exposure to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) are mediated primarily through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). However, little is known about the cascades of events that link activation of the AHR to apical adverse effects. Therefore, this study used high-throughput, next-generation molecular tools to investigate similarities and differences in whole transcriptome and whole proteome responses to equipotent concentrations of three agonists of the AHR, 2,3,7,8-TCDD, PCB 77, and benzo[a]pyrene, in livers of a nonmodel fish, the white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus). A total of 926 and 658 unique transcripts were up- and down-regulated, respectively, by one or more of the three chemicals. Of the transcripts shared by responses to all three chemicals, 85\% of up-regulated transcripts and 75\% of down-regulated transcripts had the same magnitude of response. A total of 290 and 110 unique proteins were up- and down-regulated, respectively, by one or more of the three chemicals. Of the proteins shared by responses to all three chemicals, 70\% of up-regulated proteins and 48\% of down-regulated proteins had the same magnitude of response. Among treatments there was 68\% similarity between the global transcriptome and global proteome. Pathway analysis revealed that perturbed physiological processes were indistinguishable between equipotent concentrations of the three chemicals. The results of this study contribute toward more completely describing adverse outcome pathways associated with activation of the AHR.

}, keywords = {Animals, Benzo(a)pyrene, Dioxins, Fishes, Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins, Proteomics}, issn = {1520-5851}, doi = {10.1021/acs.est.6b00490}, author = {Doering, Jon A and Tang, Song and Peng, Hui and Eisner, Bryanna K and Sun, Jianxian and Giesy, John P and Wiseman, Steve and Hecker, Markus} } @article {108, title = {Isomer-specific trophic transfer of perfluorocarboxylic acids in the marine food web of Liaodong Bay, North China.}, journal = {Environ Sci Technol}, volume = {49}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Feb 03}, pages = {1453-61}, abstract = {

Trophic transfers of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) have been well studied in aquatic food webs; however, most studies examined PFCAs as single compounds without differentiating isomers. In this study, an in-port derivatization GC-MS method was used to determine PFCA (perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA; perfluorononanoic acid, PFNA; perfluorodecanoate acid, PFDA; perfluoroundecanoate acid, PFUnDA; perfluorododecanoate acid, PFDoDA; perfluorotridecanoate acid, PFTriDA, and perfluorotetradecanoate acid, PFTeDA) structural isomers in 11 marine species including benthic invertebrates, fishes, and gulls collected in November 2006 from Liaodong Bay in China. The total concentrations of linear PFCAs were 0.35-1.10, 0.93-2.61, and 2.13-2.69 ng/g ww, and the corresponding percentages of branched PFCAs to linear PFCAs were 6.6-15.5\%, 4.2-9.9\%, and 4.5-6.0\% in invertebrates, fishes, and birds, respectively. Except for linear PFOA, significant positive relationships were found between the concentrations of all the target linear PFCAs and trophic levels, and the trophic magnification factors (TMFs) ranged from 1.90 to 4.88. Positive correlations between the concentrations of branched PFCAs isomers and trophic levels were also observed but were without statistical significance. The relatively high biomagnification of linear isomers of PFCAs would lead to low percentages of branched PFCAs to total PFCAs in organisms at high trophic levels. This study for the first time clarified isomer-specific trophic transfers of PFCAs in a marine food web.

}, keywords = {Animals, Bays, Birds, Carboxylic Acids, China, Environmental Monitoring, Fishes, Fluorocarbons, Food Chain, Invertebrates, Isomerism, Water Pollutants, Chemical}, issn = {1520-5851}, doi = {10.1021/es504445x}, author = {Zhang, Zhong and Peng, Hui and Wan, Yi and Hu, Jianying} } @article {109, title = {Temporal trends of polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and perfluorinated compounds in Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) eggs (1984-2008).}, journal = {Environ Sci Technol}, volume = {49}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Feb 03}, pages = {1621-30}, abstract = {

Because investigation on the temporal trends of persistent halogenated compounds (PHCs) is necessary to predict their future impacts on the environment and human health and evaluate the effectiveness of regulations on their production and usage, it is of concern to investigate annual temporal trends of PHCs in biota samples. This study examined the temporal trends of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) eggs over a period of 25 years (1984-2008), and 62 PCBs (19.2-1030 ng/g dw for total PCBs), 16 PBDEs (4.7-572 ng/g dw for total PBDEs), and 14 PFCs (26-46 ng/g dw for total PFCs) were detected. Although a decreasing temporal trend was observed for total PCBs with annual reduction rate of 3.4\% (ρ = 0.005), a clear break point was observed around 1991, indicating their continuing emission in the 1980s in China. All major PBDEs showed increasing temporal trends, with annual change rates at 3.5-10.2\% over the 25 years, but a sharp decreasing trend was observed after 2006, indicating a rapid response to the banning of PBDE usage in China in 2004. The greatest annual rate of increase was observed for BDE-28 (10.2\%) followed by BDE-100 (7.7\%), which would be due to metabolism input from higher brominated PBDEs. Significantly increasing temporal trends were observed for all PFCs, and the annual rates of increase were 7.9\% and 5.9\% for total perfluorinated carboxylic acids and perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), respectively. A peak concentration for PFOS was observed in 1989, which may be related to the import history of PFCs in China. The present study is the first report of systematic temporal trends of PHCs in biota samples from China and shows that regulatory policy is needed to reduce their potential health and ecological risk in China considering the increasing temporal trends of PBDEs and PFCs.

}, keywords = {Animals, China, Environmental Monitoring, Fishes, Fluorocarbons, Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Ovum, Polybrominated Biphenyls, Polychlorinated Biphenyls}, issn = {1520-5851}, doi = {10.1021/es505378b}, author = {Jianxian, Sun and Hui, Peng and Jianying, Hu} } @article {111, title = {Trophic transfer of dechloranes in the marine food web of Liaodong Bay, north China.}, journal = {Environ Sci Technol}, volume = {48}, year = {2014}, month = {2014 May 20}, pages = {5458-66}, abstract = {

Dechloranes are of particular concern because of their ubiquity in environmental matrices, but little is known about their trophic transfer in aquatic food web. This study investigated the trophic transfer of seven dechloranes in a marine food web from Liaodong Bay, China. Dechloranes were determined in sediments and 15 marine species including benthic invertebrates, fish and gulls collected from Liaodong Bay. Biomagnification factors (BMFTL) of dechloranes in black-headed gulls were calculated to be 6.4, 1.7, 0.45, 0.36, 0.14, and 0.11 for mirex, Dechlorane 602 (Dec 602), Dechlorane 603 (Dec 603), antiundecachloropentacyclooctadecadiene (anti-Cl11DP), syn-dechlorane plus (syn-DP), and anti-DP. Significantly positive relationships were found between lipid equivalent concentrations of mirex, Dec 602, and anti-Cl11DP and trophic levels, and the trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were 13, 3.7, and 5.6, respectively, indicating that these compounds undergo trophic magnification in the aquatic food web. Lipid equivalent concentrations of Dec 603 and DP isomers did not exhibit a statistically significant correlation with trophic levels. The relatively low trophic magnification potentials of Dec 603 and DP isomers were possibly due to their extreme hydrophobicity (logKOW: 11.2-11.3) and subsequent low bioavailabilities compared with mirex (7.0), Dec 602 (8.1) and anti-Cl11DP. The results provided important information for understanding the ecological risk of dechloranes.

}, keywords = {Animals, Aquatic Organisms, Bays, Charadriiformes, China, Environmental Monitoring, Fishes, Food Chain, Geologic Sediments, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Invertebrates, Ontario, Regression Analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical}, issn = {1520-5851}, doi = {10.1021/es500229y}, author = {Peng, Hui and Wan, Yi and Zhang, Kun and Sun, Jianxian and Hu, Jianying} } @article {115, title = {Tissue distribution, maternal transfer, and age-related accumulation of dechloranes in Chinese sturgeon.}, journal = {Environ Sci Technol}, volume = {46}, year = {2012}, month = {2012 Sep 18}, pages = {9907-13}, abstract = {

While dechloranes have been detected in environmental media and wildlife, limited information was available on their tissue distribution in wildlife. Syn-dechlorane plus (syn-DP), anti-DP, syn-undecachloropentacyclooctadecadiene (syn-Cl(11)DP), anti-Cl(11)DP, dechlorane 602, dechlorane 603 and mirex were measured in 13 organs of 17 female Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis). Dechloranes were detected in all tissues and the highest concentrations of total dechloranes were detected in heart (87 pg/g ww, 4.5-645 pg/g ww), followed by adipose (61 pg/g ww, 14-531 pg/g ww) and eggs (57 pg/g ww, 13-261 pg/g ww). The tissue distribution of DP was mainly determined by lipid partition, while Dec 602 and Dec 603 preferred to accumulate in the intestine and stomach. The values of f(anti) (the concentration of anti-DP relative to the sum concentration of DP) in maternal tissues (0.72 {\textpm} 0.03 in muscle) were significantly higher than those found in eggs (0.65 {\textpm} 0.04) (p \< 0.001), while f(anti-Cl11DP) (the concentration of anti-Cl(11)DP relative to the sum concentration of Cl(11)DP) in maternal tissues (0.59 {\textpm} 0.10 in muscle) was significantly lower than that in eggs (0.75 {\textpm} 0.13) (p \< 0.05). High maternal transfer efficiencies of dechloranes were observed in eggs, which accounted for 49\% of the total body burden, and the ratios of concentrations in eggs to maternal tissues (EMR) for mirex, Dec 602, Dec 603, syn-Cl(11)DP, anti-Cl(11)DP, syn-DP, and anti-DP were 18, 8.8, 5.2, 2.6, 5.2, 5.5 and 3.7, respectively, which are dependent on their K(OW) values (r = -0.66, p \< 0.01). Negative age-related trends were observed for mirex, Dec 603, syn-Cl(11)DP and anti-Cl(11)DP in eggs (R(2) = 0.28-0.38, p = 0.02-0.05), which were possibly due to their high transfer efficiencies to eggs from maternal body (49\%).

}, keywords = {Animals, China, Eggs, Environmental Monitoring, Female, Fishes, Flame Retardants, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Polycyclic Compounds, Tissue Distribution, Water Pollutants, Chemical}, issn = {1520-5851}, doi = {10.1021/es3025879}, author = {Peng, Hui and Zhang, Kun and Wan, Yi and Hu, Jianying} } @article {119, title = {Tissue distribution and maternal transfer of poly- and perfluorinated compounds in Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis): implications for reproductive risk.}, journal = {Environ Sci Technol}, volume = {44}, year = {2010}, month = {2010 Mar 01}, pages = {1868-74}, abstract = {

It is critical to investigate the tissue distribution and maternal transfer of poly- and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in wild fish for assessing potential effects on ecosystems. Concentrations of 23 PFCs in nine organs and egg were measured in 16 17- to 25-year-old female Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis, an anadromous fish), that died during propagation. Three polyfluorinated amides were detected in stomach, intestine, and gills and 7:3 FTCA was specifically accumulated in liver. The greatest total concentration of PFCs in egg was 35.1 +/- 10.4 ng/g ww and was predominated by perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorotridecanoate acid (PFTriDA). The longer-chain C(11)-C(14) and C(16) perfluorinated carboxylates were more accumulated in Chinese sturgeon than PFOS, partly due to the increasing trends of PFCAs with fish age. Maternal transfer ratios of PFCs expressed as ratios of concentrations in the egg to those in the liver ranged from 0.79 (perfluorooctanoate) to 5.5 (PFTriDA), depending on their carbon chain lengths or protein-water coefficients. The PFOS equivalent of PFC mixtures, calculated by multiplying the relative potency factor of each PFC to PFOS by the corresponding concentration, ranged from 90.6 to 262 ng/g. The hazard quotient was 0.20, implying potential reproductive effects of PFCs on Chinese sturgeon.

}, keywords = {Alkanesulfonic Acids, Animals, Female, Fertility, Fertilization in Vitro, Fishes, Fluorocarbons, Organ Specificity, Reproduction, Risk Factors, Tissue Distribution}, issn = {0013-936X}, doi = {10.1021/es903248d}, author = {Peng, Hui and Wei, Qiwei and Wan, Yi and Giesy, John P and Li, Luoxin and Hu, Jianying} } @article {120, title = {Malformations of the endangered Chinese sturgeon, Acipenser sinensis, and its causal agent.}, journal = {Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A}, volume = {106}, year = {2009}, month = {2009 Jun 09}, pages = {9339-44}, abstract = {

The anadromous Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) is endangered and listed among the first class of protected animals in China. The possible causes for the decline of this species are the effects of synthetic chemicals, and loss of critical habitat. Chinese sturgeon in the Yangtze River have accumulated triphenyltin (TPT) to 31-128 ng/g wet weigh (ww) in liver, which is greater than the concentrations of tributyltin (\<1.0 ng/g ww). Maternal transfer of TPT has resulted in concentrations of 25.5 +/- 13.0 ng/g ww in eggs of wild Chinese sturgeon, which poses a significant risk to the larvae naturally fertilized or hatched in the Yangtze River. The incidence of deformities in fry was 7.5\%, with 1.2\% of individuals exhibiting ocular abnormal development, and 6.3\% exhibited skeletal/morphological deformations. The incidences of both ocular and skeletal/morphological deformations were directly proportional to the TPT concentration in the eggs of both the Chinese sturgeon and the Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) in controlled laboratory studies. The rates of deformities in the controlled studies were consistent with the rates caused at the similar concentrations in eggs collected from the field. Thus, TPT is the causal agent to induce the malformation of larvae of Chinese sturgeon. The incidence of deformed larvae of Chinese sturgeon is an indicator of overall population-level effects of TPT on Chinese sturgeon, because TPT at environmentally relevant concentrations can result in significantly decrease both quality and quantity of eggs and spawning frequency of fish.

}, keywords = {Animals, China, Fishes, Organotin Compounds, Trialkyltin Compounds, Water Pollutants, Chemical}, issn = {1091-6490}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.0809434106}, author = {Hu, Jianying and Zhang, Zhaobin and Wei, Qiwei and Zhen, Huajun and Zhao, Yanbin and Peng, Hui and Wan, Yi and Giesy, John P and Li, Luoxin and Zhang, Bo} }