@article {108,
	title = {Isomer-specific trophic transfer of perfluorocarboxylic acids in the marine food web of Liaodong Bay, North China.},
	journal = {Environ Sci Technol},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015 Feb 03},
	pages = {1453-61},
	abstract = {<p>Trophic transfers of perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) have been well studied in aquatic food webs; however, most studies examined PFCAs as single compounds without differentiating isomers. In this study, an in-port derivatization GC-MS method was used to determine PFCA (perfluorooctanoic acid, PFOA; perfluorononanoic acid, PFNA; perfluorodecanoate acid, PFDA; perfluoroundecanoate acid, PFUnDA; perfluorododecanoate acid, PFDoDA; perfluorotridecanoate acid, PFTriDA, and perfluorotetradecanoate acid, PFTeDA) structural isomers in 11 marine species including benthic invertebrates, fishes, and gulls collected in November 2006 from Liaodong Bay in China. The total concentrations of linear PFCAs were 0.35-1.10, 0.93-2.61, and 2.13-2.69 ng/g ww, and the corresponding percentages of branched PFCAs to linear PFCAs were 6.6-15.5\%, 4.2-9.9\%, and 4.5-6.0\% in invertebrates, fishes, and birds, respectively. Except for linear PFOA, significant positive relationships were found between the concentrations of all the target linear PFCAs and trophic levels, and the trophic magnification factors (TMFs) ranged from 1.90 to 4.88. Positive correlations between the concentrations of branched PFCAs isomers and trophic levels were also observed but were without statistical significance. The relatively high biomagnification of linear isomers of PFCAs would lead to low percentages of branched PFCAs to total PFCAs in organisms at high trophic levels. This study for the first time clarified isomer-specific trophic transfers of PFCAs in a marine food web.</p>},
	keywords = {Animals, Bays, Birds, Carboxylic Acids, China, Environmental Monitoring, Fishes, Fluorocarbons, Food Chain, Invertebrates, Isomerism, Water Pollutants, Chemical},
	issn = {1520-5851},
	doi = {10.1021/es504445x},
	author = {Zhang, Zhong and Peng, Hui and Wan, Yi and Hu, Jianying}
}
@article {111,
	title = {Trophic transfer of dechloranes in the marine food web of Liaodong Bay, north China.},
	journal = {Environ Sci Technol},
	volume = {48},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014 May 20},
	pages = {5458-66},
	abstract = {<p>Dechloranes are of particular concern because of their ubiquity in environmental matrices, but little is known about their trophic transfer in aquatic food web. This study investigated the trophic transfer of seven dechloranes in a marine food web from Liaodong Bay, China. Dechloranes were determined in sediments and 15 marine species including benthic invertebrates, fish and gulls collected from Liaodong Bay. Biomagnification factors (BMFTL) of dechloranes in black-headed gulls were calculated to be 6.4, 1.7, 0.45, 0.36, 0.14, and 0.11 for mirex, Dechlorane 602 (Dec 602), Dechlorane 603 (Dec 603), antiundecachloropentacyclooctadecadiene (anti-Cl11DP), syn-dechlorane plus (syn-DP), and anti-DP. Significantly positive relationships were found between lipid equivalent concentrations of mirex, Dec 602, and anti-Cl11DP and trophic levels, and the trophic magnification factors (TMFs) were 13, 3.7, and 5.6, respectively, indicating that these compounds undergo trophic magnification in the aquatic food web. Lipid equivalent concentrations of Dec 603 and DP isomers did not exhibit a statistically significant correlation with trophic levels. The relatively low trophic magnification potentials of Dec 603 and DP isomers were possibly due to their extreme hydrophobicity (logKOW: 11.2-11.3) and subsequent low bioavailabilities compared with mirex (7.0), Dec 602 (8.1) and anti-Cl11DP. The results provided important information for understanding the ecological risk of dechloranes.</p>},
	keywords = {Animals, Aquatic Organisms, Bays, Charadriiformes, China, Environmental Monitoring, Fishes, Food Chain, Geologic Sediments, Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated, Invertebrates, Ontario, Regression Analysis, Water Pollutants, Chemical},
	issn = {1520-5851},
	doi = {10.1021/es500229y},
	author = {Peng, Hui and Wan, Yi and Zhang, Kun and Sun, Jianxian and Hu, Jianying}
}
