@article {237,
	title = {Disclosing Environmental Ligands of L-FABP and PPARγ: Should We Re-evaluate the Chemical Safety of Hydrocarbon Surfactants?},
	journal = {Environ Sci Technol},
	year = {2023},
	month = {2023 Aug 01},
	abstract = {<p>Chemical contaminants can cause adverse effects by binding to the liver-fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) and peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptor γ (PPARγ), which are vital in lipid metabolism. However, the presence of numerous compounds in the environment has hindered the identification of their ligands, and thus only a small portion have been discovered to date. In this study, protein ffinity urification with ontargeted nalysis (APNA) was employed to identify the ligands of L-FABP and PPARγ in indoor dust and sewage sludge. A total of 83 nonredundant features were pulled-out by His-tagged L-FABP as putative ligands, among which 13 were assigned as fatty acids and hydrocarbon surfactants. In contrast, only six features were isolated when His-tagged PPARγ LBD was used as the protein bait. The binding of hydrocarbon surfactants to L-FABP and PPARγ was confirmed using both recombinant proteins and reporter cells. These hydrocarbon surfactants, along with \&gt;50 homologues and isomers, were detected in dust and sludge at high concentrations. Fatty acids and hydrocarbon surfactants explained the majority of L-FABP (57.7 {\textpm} 32.9\%) and PPARγ (66.0 {\textpm} 27.1\%) activities in the sludge. This study revealed hydrocarbon surfactants as the predominant synthetic ligands of L-FABP and PPARγ, highlighting the importance of re-evaluating their chemical safety.</p>},
	issn = {1520-5851},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.3c02898},
	author = {Gong, Yufeng and Yang, Diwen and Liu, Jiabao and Barrett, Holly and Sun, Jianxian and Peng, Hui}
}
